Encode marlborough to Base64

Base64 result: bWFybGJvcm91Z2g=

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Base64 Encoded Result

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Encoding Process: marlborough to bWFybGJvcm91Z2g=

About the '=' Padding

Base64 encoding requires the input length (in bytes) to be divisible by 3. If it's not, padding is added: One '=' character is added when the input length modulo 3 equals 2. This ensures the encoded output is properly aligned.

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

ASCII Character	Binary Value
m	01101101
a	01100001
r	01110010
l	01101100
b	01100010
o	01101111
r	01110010
o	01101111
u	01110101
g	01100111
h	01101000

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

The binary string is grouped into 6-bit chunks for Base64 encoding:

011011 010110 000101 110010 011011 000110 001001 101111 011100 100110 111101 110101 011001 110110 1000

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

Binary Value	Base64 Character
011011	b
010110	W
000101	F
110010	y
011011	b
000110	G
001001	J
101111	v
011100	c
100110	m
111101	9
110101	1
011001	Z
110110	2
1000	g

When combined, these characters form the encoded string: "bWFybGJvcm91Z2g="

Related Conversion Tools

Base64 Decode

About the '=' Padding

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

More Base64 encodings