Encode extends to Base64

Base64 result: ZXh0ZW5kcw==

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Encoding Process: extends to ZXh0ZW5kcw==

About the '=' Padding

Base64 encoding requires the input length (in bytes) to be divisible by 3. If it's not, padding is added: Two '=' characters are added when the input length modulo 3 equals 1. This happens because the input length leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 3, indicating that two more bytes are needed to complete the 3-byte group. This ensures the encoded output is properly aligned.

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

ASCII Character	Binary Value
e	01100101
x	01111000
t	01110100
e	01100101
n	01101110
d	01100100
s	01110011

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

The binary string is grouped into 6-bit chunks for Base64 encoding:

011001 010111 100001 110100 011001 010110 111001 100100 011100 11

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

Binary Value	Base64 Character
011001	Z
010111	X
100001	h
110100	0
011001	Z
010110	W
111001	5
100100	k
011100	c
11	w

When combined, these characters form the encoded string: "ZXh0ZW5kcw=="

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Base64 Decode

About the '=' Padding

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

More Base64 encodings