Encode birmingham to Base64

Base64 result: YmlybWluZ2hhbQ==

Encode text to Base64 format

For encoded binaries (like images, documents, etc.) use the file upload form below.

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Process each line as a separate Base64 string

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Base64 Encoded Result

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Encoding Process: birmingham to YmlybWluZ2hhbQ==

About the '=' Padding

Base64 encoding requires the input length (in bytes) to be divisible by 3. If it's not, padding is added: Two '=' characters are added when the input length modulo 3 equals 1. This happens because the input length leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 3, indicating that two more bytes are needed to complete the 3-byte group. This ensures the encoded output is properly aligned.

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

ASCII Character	Binary Value
b	01100010
i	01101001
r	01110010
m	01101101
i	01101001
n	01101110
g	01100111
h	01101000
a	01100001
m	01101101

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

The binary string is grouped into 6-bit chunks for Base64 encoding:

011000 100110 100101 110010 011011 010110 100101 101110 011001 110110 100001 100001 011011 01

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

Binary Value	Base64 Character
011000	Y
100110	m
100101	l
110010	y
011011	b
010110	W
100101	l
101110	u
011001	Z
110110	2
100001	h
100001	h
011011	b
01	Q

When combined, these characters form the encoded string: "YmlybWluZ2hhbQ=="

Related Conversion Tools

Base64 Decode

About the '=' Padding

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

More Base64 encodings