Encode alexandria to Base64

Base64 result: YWxleGFuZHJpYQ==

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Base64 Encoded Result

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Encoding Process: alexandria to YWxleGFuZHJpYQ==

About the '=' Padding

Base64 encoding requires the input length (in bytes) to be divisible by 3. If it's not, padding is added: Two '=' characters are added when the input length modulo 3 equals 1. This happens because the input length leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 3, indicating that two more bytes are needed to complete the 3-byte group. This ensures the encoded output is properly aligned.

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

ASCII Character	Binary Value
a	01100001
l	01101100
e	01100101
x	01111000
a	01100001
n	01101110
d	01100100
r	01110010
i	01101001
a	01100001

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

The binary string is grouped into 6-bit chunks for Base64 encoding:

011000 010110 110001 100101 011110 000110 000101 101110 011001 000111 001001 101001 011000 01

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

Binary Value	Base64 Character
011000	Y
010110	W
110001	x
100101	l
011110	e
000110	G
000101	F
101110	u
011001	Z
000111	H
001001	J
101001	p
011000	Y
01	Q

When combined, these characters form the encoded string: "YWxleGFuZHJpYQ=="

Related Conversion Tools

Base64 Decode

About the '=' Padding

Step 1: Map ASCII Characters to Binary

Step 2: Group Bits into 6-bit Chunks

Step 3: Convert Binary to Base64

More Base64 encodings